In Ghana, businesses must operate within the framework of several environmental laws aimed at protecting and sustaining the environment. Non-compliance can result in severe penalties, including fines and potential business closure.
Adherence to these laws is therefore important as it protects the business interests while safeguarding the environment and ensuring sustainable business practices. Here are 10 key environmental laws that every business in Ghana should be familiar with.
Environmental Protection Agency Law (Act 490)
Act 490 establishes the Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) which oversees environmental regulations in Ghana. The Act requires businesses to obtain Environmental Permits and undergo Environmental Impact Assessments (EIA) before they begin their operations.
2. Environmental Assessment Regulations, 1999 (LI 1652)
This provides the legal framework for assessing the impact of proposed projects and developments on the environment. It requires businesses to submit Environmental Impact Statements and receive consent from the EPA.
3. Ghana Environmental Protection (Pollution Prevention) Regulations, 2000
This regulation provides guidelines for preventing and controlling water, air, and land pollution. Businesses are to take steps to reduce pollution which includes waste management and emissions control.
4. Factories, Offices, and Shops Law (Act 328)
Act 328 prescribes health, safety, and welfare standards in workplaces. Businesses are to maintain safe working conditions for employees and minimize the existing environmental hazards.
5. Hazardous and Electronic Waste Control and Management Law (Act 917)
This law controls the importation, transportation, storage and disposal of hazardous and electronic waste. Businesses which deal with dangerous substances must register with the EPA and comply with the specific waste disposal methods prescribed.
6. Water Resources Commission Law (Act 522)
This controls the use and management of water resources in Ghana. Businesses are to obtain permits for the extraction, use and discharge of water while ensuring that the water bodies remain unharmed.
7. Minerals and Mining Law (Act 703)
The Act ensures the protection of the environment by persons within the mining sector. Mining companies are to ensure that their mining practices conserve the environment and its resources.
8. Local Governance Law (Act 936)
Act 936 authorizes local assemblies to pass bye-laws relating to environmental management. Businesses must obey these bye-laws, especially those which regulate waste disposal and sanitation.
9. Energy Commission Law (Act 541)
The Act regulates the production and supply of energy in Ghana. It promotes the adaptation of energy-efficient technologies and renewable energy sources by businesses in order to minimize environmental impact.
10. Public Health Act, 2012 (Act 851)
This regulates environmental sanitation and public health issues. Businesses are to ensure that their operations do not contribute to environmental pollution which may affect public health.
Philipa N. A. Sima Nuamah on behalf of OSD & Partners
